Question 55 ONC01 - Master/Chief Mate Unlimited Tonnage

The Correct Answer is D **Explanation for D (Heel):** "Heel" is the nautical term used to describe the temporary or transient angle of inclination or tilt experienced by a vessel due to external dynamic forces such as wind pressure on the sails or superstructure, or the force of waves (seaway). When a vessel "heels," the draft measurement on the windward side (port or starboard) will be less than the draft measurement on the leeward side, causing a difference between the port and starboard drafts. **Why the other options are incorrect:** * **A) Trim:** Trim refers to the difference between the draft measurement taken at the bow and the draft measurement taken at the stern. It describes the longitudinal (fore and aft) attitude of the vessel, not the transverse (side to side) difference in draft. * **B) Flotation:** Flotation is a general term referring to the property of a vessel or object to float, or the buoyancy provided by the water. It does not specifically describe the difference between port and starboard drafts. * **C) List:** List is the nautical term for a permanent or semi-permanent transverse inclination of a vessel, usually caused by uneven distribution of weight (cargo, fuel, water) onboard, or flooding. While it also causes a difference between port and starboard drafts, the initiating force is internal static weight, not external dynamic forces like wind or seas.