Question 21 ONC01 - Master/Chief Mate Unlimited Tonnage

The Correct Answer is C 1. **Why option C ("not result in another close-quarters situation") is correct:** This principle is explicitly mandated by Rule 8(d) of both the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea (COLREGS) and the Inland Rules. Rule 8(d) states: "Action taken to avoid collision shall be positive, shall be taken in ample time, and shall avoid resulting in another close-quarters situation." This makes option C a fundamental requirement for any evasive action. 2. **Why the other options are incorrect:** * **A) include a speed change:** While a speed change (altering speed or stopping engines) is one of the effective actions described in Rule 8(b), it is not mandatory for *every* situation. Often, a large and early course alteration is the most effective and appropriate action. The rule requires that the action be "positive" and "effective," but not necessarily that it *must* include a speed change. * **B) be accompanied by sound signals:** Sound signals (whistle blasts) are only required when the vessel is maneuvering in certain ways (e.g., turning to starboard, turning to port, operating astern propulsion) or when required by visibility or proximity (e.g., restricted visibility, passing situations in a narrow channel). A vessel taking simple, early evasive action (like a slight course change) that does not involve restricted visibility or maneuvering rules does not automatically need to use sound signals under Rule 34 (Maneuvering and Warning Signals). Therefore, sound signals are not a universal requirement for *any* action taken to avoid collision. * **D) All of the above:** Since options A and B are not universally mandatory requirements, this option is incorrect.