Question 32 RVR05 - Master of LT 100 GRT

The Correct Answer is D **Explanation for Option D (Correct):** Option D, "When the give-way vessel is not taking appropriate action to avoid collision," is the correct answer based on Rule 17(b) of the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea (COLREGs), which applies to both international and inland waters (via incorporation into Inland Rules). Rule 17(b) states: "The stand-on vessel may take action to avoid collision by her manoeuvre alone as soon as it becomes apparent to her that the vessel required to keep out of the way is not taking appropriate action in compliance with these Rules." This rule grants the stand-on vessel the *option* (the "may") to act when the required action from the give-way vessel is clearly absent or insufficient. This is the **first** point at which the Rules explicitly allow the stand-on vessel to deviate from its requirement to maintain course and speed. *** **Why Other Options Are Incorrect:** **A) The stand-on vessel is never allowed to take action:** This is incorrect. Rules 17(b) and 17(c) specifically permit (and later require) the stand-on vessel to take action under certain circumstances. **B) When the two vessels are less than half a mile from each other:** This sets an arbitrary distance that is not specified in the Rules as the trigger for the stand-on vessel to act. Collision avoidance requires action based on risk assessment and the observed behavior of the other vessel, not a fixed distance. **C) When collision is imminent:** This refers to the point described in Rule 17(c), not the first point where action is permitted. Rule 17(c) states: "When, from any cause, the stand-on vessel finds herself so close that collision cannot be avoided by the action of the give-way vessel alone, she shall take such action as will best aid to avoid collision." This rule makes action **mandatory** (the "shall"), but it occurs *after* the discretionary action permitted under 17(b) (the "may") and only when the situation has deteriorated to a crisis point. Therefore, 17(b) provides the *first* opportunity/permission for the stand-on vessel to act.