Question 21 MODU02 - Barge Supervisor

The Correct Answer is C 1. **Explanation of why option C is correct:** Option C, "not result in another close-quarters situation," is drawn directly from the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea (COLREGs), Rule 8(b), which applies to both international and inland waters (where the Inland Rules typically parallel or adopt the relevant COLREGs rule). Rule 8(b) states: "Any alteration of course and/or speed to avoid collision shall, if the circumstances of the case admit, be large enough to be readily apparent to another vessel. Any alteration of course and/or speed shall be made in ample time and with due regard to the observance of good seamanship and shall, **if necessary, result in passing at a safe distance.**" Furthermore, Rule 8(c) states: "If there is sufficient sea room, frequent small alterations of course and/or speed should be avoided." The fundamental principle is that the avoiding action must be effective, substantial, timely, and, crucially, definitive—it must resolve the danger and ensure that the vessels pass at a safe distance, thereby **not** creating a new, immediate danger or "close-quarters situation" with the same vessel or another vessel. 2. **Explanation of why other options are incorrect:** * **A) include a speed change:** This is incorrect because sufficient avoiding action can often be achieved solely by a substantial change in course (COLREGs Rule 8(a)). While a speed reduction or stop may be necessary (Rule 19(d)(i) for a vessel restricted in visibility, or Rule 8(e) to slow or stop headway), the rule only requires an alteration of course **and/or** speed. * **B) be accompanied by sound signals:** This is incorrect. Sound signals are specifically required under certain maneuvers, such as when altering course to port or starboard, or when operating astern propulsion, in restricted visibility (Rule 35), or when determining the intent of another vessel (Rule 34(d)). However, a general avoiding action taken in sight of another vessel (like a course change to starboard when crossing) does not *always* legally require an accompanying sound signal in all circumstances, particularly in inland waters where different rules regarding whistle signals may apply, or if the action is a simple reduction in speed. The immediate requirement is effective maneuvering, not necessarily simultaneous signaling.