Question 12 GLI08 - Limited OUPV

The Correct Answer is D **Explanation for Option D ("All of the above") being correct:** The question asks which vessels a power-driven vessel (PDV) underway must "keep out of the way of." This concept is based on the hierarchy of privilege/responsibility defined in Rule 18 (Responsibilities between Vessels) of the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea (COLREGs), which applies to both International and Inland waters (often adopted or mirrored by local inland rules). Rule 18 establishes a clear hierarchy where a power-driven vessel underway (PDV) must keep out of the way of all vessels listed in options A, B, and C: * **Vessel Not Under Command (NUC) (Option A):** NUCs are at the top of the hierarchy (Rule 18(a)(i)). * **Vessel Engaged in Fishing (Option C):** Fishing vessels are high in the hierarchy (Rule 18(a)(iv)). * **Sailing Vessel (Option B):** Sailing vessels are next in the hierarchy (Rule 18(a)(v)). Since a PDV underway is required to keep clear of NUCs, vessels engaged in fishing, and sailing vessels, choosing "All of the above" is mandatory. **Explanation for why the individual options (A, B, and C) are incorrect when chosen alone:** Although a PDV must keep out of the way of vessels A, B, and C individually, selecting only one of them (A, B, or C) as the answer is incorrect because the PDV must also keep out of the way of the others listed. The question asks which vessel(s) the PDV must keep clear of, and since all three listed vessel types possess greater privilege over the PDV, the comprehensive answer is required. * **Option A (vessel not under command):** While correct that a PDV must keep clear, it omits the sailing vessel and fishing vessel. * **Option B (sailing vessel):** While correct that a PDV must keep clear, it omits the vessel not under command and the fishing vessel. * **Option C (vessel engaged in fishing):** While correct that a PDV must keep clear, it omits the vessel not under command and the sailing vessel.