Question 8 GLI05 - Master or Mate of LT 200 GRT

The Correct Answer is A **Explanation for Option A (Two power-driven vessels meeting head-on):** Option A is correct based on Rule 14 (Head-on situation) of the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea (COLREGs), which applies to both international and inland waters (with some specific inland variations, but the core action remains the same). Rule 14(a) states that when two power-driven vessels are meeting on reciprocal or nearly reciprocal courses so as to involve risk of collision, **each shall alter her course to starboard** so that each shall pass on the port side of the other. This action explicitly requires **both vessels** to change course (to starboard). **Why the other options are incorrect:** * **B) Two power-driven vessels crossing when it is apparent to the stand-on vessel that the give-way vessel is not taking appropriate action:** This scenario is covered by Rule 17 (Action by Stand-on Vessel). While the Rule allows the stand-on vessel to take action (change course) to avoid collision when the give-way vessel is not acting, the initial requirement is that the give-way vessel acts first (Rule 15). Crucially, the Rule **does not initially require both vessels** to change course simultaneously. The stand-on vessel only takes action when it becomes necessary (i.e., when the give-way vessel fails to act appropriately), making the action required by only one vessel initially, or sequentially rather than simultaneously. * **C) Two sailing vessels crossing with the wind on the same side:** This situation is covered by Rule 12 (Sailing Vessels). Rule 12(a)(i) states that the vessel which is to windward shall keep out of the way of the vessel which is to leeward. This assigns responsibility to a single vessel (the vessel to windward, which is the give-way vessel) to change course. The leeward vessel (the stand-on vessel) is required to maintain course and speed unless risk of collision necessitates action under Rule 17. Therefore, only one vessel is initially required to change course. * **D) All of the above:** Since options B and C do not require both vessels to change course simultaneously and independently as the primary action, this option is incorrect.