Question 9 GLI03 - Master-LT 500-1600 GRT

The Correct Answer is D **Explanation for Option D (Both vessels alter course to starboard):** Option D is correct because it directly reflects the requirements of Rule 14 (Head-on Situation) of the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea (COLREGs), which applies to both International and Inland waters (where specific local variations don't supersede this core rule). Rule 14(a) states: "When two power-driven vessels are meeting on reciprocal or nearly reciprocal courses so as to involve risk of collision each shall alter her course to starboard so that each shall pass on the port side of the other." This ensures predictable, standardized, and safe passing behavior in a head-on situation. **Explanation for why other options are incorrect:** * **A) Sound at least five short and rapid blasts:** This signal (the danger signal) indicates that the vessel taking the action is in doubt about the other vessel's intention or action, or that the other vessel's proposed action is dangerous. While it may be used if the initial attempt to alter course fails or if doubt arises, it is a signal of distress/doubt, not the *required* action for safe passing in a standard head-on situation. The required action is the course alteration. * **B) Back down:** "Backing down" (reversing engines) is an action to reduce speed or stop the vessel. While reducing speed may be necessary under Rule 8 (Action to Avoid Collision) and Rule 19 (Restricted Visibility), it is not the primary, required maneuver for passing safely in a head-on situation; the primary maneuver is the course alteration to starboard (Rule 14). * **C) Both vessels shall stop their engines:** Stopping engines falls under Rule 17(b) or Rule 19 (Restricted Visibility), which state that a vessel that cannot avoid a close-quarters situation may need to take all necessary action, including stopping engines. However, the requirement for stopping engines is generally reserved for situations where collision is imminent or when operating in restricted visibility. In a standard head-on meeting where action is taken early (Rule 8), the requirement is for a clear, substantial alteration to starboard, not engine stoppage, which could result in loss of maneuverability.